Civic and political space, including freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly and the right to participate in public affairs is essential for citizens to make informed decisions about economic and social development and build democratic societies. Political space is central for people living in poverty to actively fulfil their rights and address their grievances. However, evidence from a survey commissioned in 2015 by ActionAid revealed that in 65% of ActionAid countries, states are thwarting space for citizens to engage with power, make choices, organize and demand accountability from government and corporations, and play a constructive and substantial role in the framing of just development outcomes.